Squirrels, those lively little creatures you often see scampering through parks and backyards, can face several health issues just like any other animal. Squirrels can get sick from a variety of diseases, including squirrel pox, mange, and parasitic infections. Awareness of these common illnesses helps you better care for them or know when to call a wildlife rehabilitator.
Understanding what diseases affect squirrels is important if you enjoy watching them in your yard. They can carry ailments that not only affect their health but can also pose risks to other wildlife and even humans. By knowing the signs of sickness, you can help ensure that these adorable animals stay safe and healthy in your environment.
Common Diseases in Squirrels
Squirrels can face a variety of health issues. Understanding these common diseases helps you know what to watch for if you see a sick squirrel. Below are some of the main health risks related to viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections.
Viral and Bacterial Infections
Squirrels are prone to several viral and bacterial infections. One of the most notable is squirrel pox, also known as squirrel fibroma. This viral disease causes tumors on the skin. These tumors usually don’t harm the squirrel’s health but can become serious if they affect internal organs.
Another concern is salmonellosis, caused by the bacterium Salmonella. Symptoms of salmonellosis include diarrhea, lethargy, and fever. Squirrels can contract this disease through contaminated food or water. It’s crucial to keep their surroundings clean to reduce this risk.
Tularemia is another bacterial infection that can affect squirrels. This disease can cause severe health issues, leading to symptoms like fever and ulcers. As with salmonellosis, keeping surfaces clean can help prevent its spread.
Parasitic and Fungal Concerns
Squirrels can also be affected by various parasites and fungal infections. Mange, caused by mites, leads to hair loss and skin irritation. Your attention is needed to manage mange, as it can lead to secondary infections.
Ringworm is a fungal infection that shows up as circular patches of hair loss. This condition is not just a nuisance; it can affect a squirrel’s ability to stay warm and protected.
Additionally, squirrels can suffer from coccidiosis, another parasitic condition that impacts their intestines. Symptoms may include weight loss and diarrhea. Keeping an eye on their behavior is critical, as these signs can indicate a serious health issue.
By being aware of these common diseases, you can help keep squirrels healthy in your area.
Prevention and Treatment
Keeping squirrels healthy involves careful attention to their hygiene and environment, as well as getting the right medical care when needed. Knowing how to prevent illness and treat sick squirrels can greatly improve their chances of recovery.
Hygiene and Environment
Maintaining a clean environment is key for squirrel health. Remove any waste, including squirrel droppings and urine, from areas where squirrels live. This helps reduce contamination.
Make sure their water supply is clean and fresh. Avoid contaminated water sources that can lead to diseases.
Consider pest control measures if you notice signs of illness. Use protective gear when handling squirrels to prevent bites and scratches, which can spread infections.
If you spot inflammation or signs of sickness, like lethargy or loss of appetite, it may be time to call a wildlife rehabilitator. They can properly assess the situation and provide the necessary care.
Medical Attention
If a squirrel shows concerning symptoms, prompt medical attention is vital. This can include treatments for diseases like Lyme disease, which is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, or other bacterial infections like Francisella tularensis.
Squirrels may need medications to address inflammation or other health issues. For example, a wildlife rehabilitator might provide a combination of drugs to treat conditions like metabolic bone disease.
Monitor any wounds from bites or scratches closely. These injuries can lead to infections if not treated properly. If you suspect a squirrel is sick, do not hesitate to contact professionals for help. Your quick action can play a role in saving its life.
